- g/x/w may each be bf16 or pre-quantized fp8 matching fmt; a pre-quantized operand skips its quantize kernel
- snapshot sx/sw/sg before the ring finalize overwrites the aliased scale slot so the gemm dequantizes with the quantize scale
- forward carries its scale to backward so gradients reuse the forward's scale
- grad_input/grad_weight forced bf16; a pre-quantized g dequantizes before the bias-sum
- regression test: two delayed steps with a changing amax must not leak the scale ratio