- last-block epilogue (threadfence + counter elect) folds amax into hist[idx], reduces the window and publishes the next scale on device — zero extra launches per linear layer
- _ScaleRing packs [hist | scale | counter] into one CUDA buffer; the eager hist-write / max / scale-copy chain and update() are gone
- split FP8QuantizeParams out of FP8Params so each operator owns its fields; linear_forward/backward_fp8 take optional ring arguments
- e2e 12L/dim1024/B4xT512 (fused AdamW): fp8 137.8ms/step vs bf16 210.3ms, 1.53x; fwd 1.82x, bwd 1.50x
ViperEkura
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