fix: 修复 to_dict list 类型丢失与 OpenAI stop 参数失效

- to_dict() 增加 list 类型序列化支持，metrics 等字段不再丢失
- OpenAIHandler 补充 get_stop_sequences/on_token，读取 request.stop 并检测停止序列
- 文档类图补充缺失字段、修正关系分类、ChatCompletionRequest 字段增加 Optional

Dockerfile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # AstrAI Dockerfile - Multi-stage Build (Optimized)
 
 # Build stage - use base image with minimal build tools
-FROM nvidia/cuda:12.6.0-base-ubuntu24.04 AS builder
+FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS builder
 
 WORKDIR /app
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-ins
 RUN python3.12 -m venv --copies /opt/venv
 ENV PATH="/opt/venv/bin:$PATH"
 
-# Copy source code and install dependencies
+# Copy source code and install (deps read from pyproject.toml)
 COPY astrai/ ./astrai/
 COPY pyproject.toml .
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@ RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
     --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu126
 
 # Production stage
-FROM nvidia/cuda:12.6.0-base-ubuntu24.04 AS production
+FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS production
 
 WORKDIR /app
 
-# Install Python 3.12 runtime
+# Install Python 3.12 runtime and healthcheck dependency
 RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
     python3.12 \
+    curl \
     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # Copy virtual environment from builder

README.md

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1,2,3
 
 nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --nprocs=4 \
-    --train_type=pt \
+    --train_type=seq \
     --data_root_path=/path/to/dataset \
     --param_path=/path/to/model \
     --batch_per_device=4 \
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --warmup_ratio=0.05 \
     --max_lr=1e-4 \
     --max_grad_norm=1.0 \
-    --adamw_beta1=0.95 \
+    --adamw_beta1=0.9 \
-    --adamw_beta2=0.99 \
+    --adamw_beta2=0.95 \
     --adamw_weight_decay=0.01 \
     --window_size=2048 \
     --ckpt_interval=10000 \
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ python scripts/demo/generate_batch.py
 python scripts/demo/generate_ar.py
 ```
 
-Watch a video walkthrough on [bilibili](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1z5RPYHEkd).
+Watch a video walkthrough on [bilibili](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1fuLB6yEj6).
 
 ### Documentation
 

assets/docs/README-zh-CN.md

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1,2,3
 
 nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --nprocs=4 \
-    --train_type=pt \
+    --train_type=seq \
     --data_root_path=/path/to/dataset \
     --param_path=/path/to/model \
     --batch_per_device=4 \
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --warmup_ratio=0.05 \
     --max_lr=1e-4 \
     --max_grad_norm=1.0 \
-    --adamw_beta1=0.95 \
+    --adamw_beta1=0.9 \
-    --adamw_beta2=0.99 \
+    --adamw_beta2=0.95 \
     --adamw_weight_decay=0.01 \
     --window_size=2048 \
     --ckpt_interval=10000 \
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ python scripts/demo/generate_batch.py
 python scripts/demo/generate_ar.py
 ```
 
-观看 [bilibili](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1z5RPYHEkd) 上的视频演示。
+观看 [bilibili](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1fuLB6yEj6) 上的视频演示。
 
 ### 文档
 

assets/docs/architecture.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ classDiagram
             +to_file(config_path)
         }
 
-        class ModelConfig {
+        class AutoRegressiveLMConfig {
             +int vocab_size
             +int dim
             +int n_layers
@@ -25,21 +25,41 @@ classDiagram
             +bool tie_weight
             +int max_len
             +float rope_theta
+            +str attn_type
             +int n_heads
             +int n_kv_heads
             +bool use_qk_norm
             +bool use_gated_attention
-            +str attn_type
+            +Optional[int] kv_lora_rank
+            +Optional[int] qk_nope_head_dim
+            +Optional[int] qk_rope_head_dim
             +str ffn_type
             +int n_routed_experts
             +int n_shared_experts
             +int n_activated_experts
-            +str moe_topk_method
+            +Optional[str] topk_method
-            +Optional[int] kv_lora_rank
+        }
-            +Optional[int] qk_nope_head_dim
+
-            +Optional[int] qk_rope_head_dim
+        class EncoderConfig {
-            +load(config_path) ModelConfig
+            +int vocab_size
-            +save(config_path)
+            +int dim
+            +int n_layers
+            +float norm_eps
+            +int dim_ffn
+            +int max_len
+            +float rope_theta
+            +int n_heads
+            +int n_kv_heads
+            +bool use_qk_norm
+            +bool use_gated_attention
+            +Optional[str] pooling_type
+            +Optional[bool] normalize_embeddings
+        }
+
+        class ConfigFactory {
+            +Registry _registry
+            +register(name) decorator
+            +load(raw) BaseConfig
         }
 
         class TrainConfig {
@@ -52,10 +72,14 @@ classDiagram
             +int batch_per_device
             +int grad_accum_steps
             +float max_grad_norm
+            +list gradient_checkpointing_modules
             +int start_epoch
             +int start_batch
             +str ckpt_dir
             +int ckpt_interval
+            +str log_dir
+            +int log_interval
+            +List[str] metrics
             +int random_seed
             +int num_workers
             +Optional[int] prefetch_factor
@@ -66,7 +90,10 @@ classDiagram
             +str master_port
             +Callable parallel_wrapper
             +Callable state_dict_fn
+            +str start_method
             +str device_type
+            +Optional[Dataset] val_dataset
+            +int val_step
             +dict extra_kwargs
             +validate()
         }
@@ -138,11 +165,17 @@ classDiagram
             +int iter
         }
 
+        class StorageFactory {
+            +Registry _registry
+            +register(name) decorator
+            +create(storage_type) BaseStorage
+        }
+
         class DatasetFactory {
             +Registry _registry
             +register(name) decorator
             +create(train_type, window_size, stride) BaseDataset
-            +load(train_type, load_path, window_size, stride) BaseDataset
+            +load(train_type, load_path, window_size, stride, storage_type, tokenizer) BaseDataset
         }
     }
 
@@ -160,7 +193,7 @@ classDiagram
 
     namespace model {
         class AutoModel {
-            +ModelConfig config
+            +BaseModelConfig config
             +Registry _registry
             +register(model_type) decorator
             +get_component_class(model_type) Type
@@ -169,8 +202,8 @@ classDiagram
             +to(*args, **kwargs) Self
         }
 
-        class Transformer {
+        class AutoRegressiveLM {
-            +ModelConfig config
+            +AutoRegressiveLMConfig config
             +RotaryEmbedding rotary_embedding
             +Embedding embed_tokens
             +ModuleList layers
@@ -181,6 +214,18 @@ classDiagram
             +state_dict()
         }
 
+        class EmbeddingEncoder {
+            +EncoderConfig config
+            +RotaryEmbedding rotary_embedding
+            +Embedding embed_tokens
+            +ModuleList layers
+            +RMSNorm norm
+            +str pooling_type
+            +bool normalize_embeddings
+            +forward(input_ids, input_mask, position_ids) Tensor
+            +load_state_dict(state_dict)
+        }
+
         class DecoderBlock {
             +nn.Module attention  # GQA or MLA via AttnFactory
             +RMSNorm input_norm
@@ -322,11 +367,15 @@ classDiagram
             +Optimizer optimizer
             +LRScheduler scheduler
             +Checkpoint checkpoint
+            +TrainConfig config
             +int epoch
             +int iteration
             +float loss
+            +DataLoader val_dataloader
+            +float val_loss
             +int world_size
             +int rank
+            +dict kwargs
         }
 
         class TrainContextBuilder {
@@ -372,6 +421,7 @@ classDiagram
             +str reduction
             +int sync_interval
             +compute_loss(batch) Tensor
+            +sync_ref_model()
         }
 
         class BaseScheduler {
@@ -399,6 +449,7 @@ classDiagram
         }
 
         class TrainCallback {
+            <<protocol>>
             +on_train_begin(context)
             +on_train_end(context)
             +on_epoch_begin(context)
@@ -415,17 +466,32 @@ classDiagram
             +on_step_begin(context)
         }
 
+        class GradientCheckpointingCallback {
+            +tuple modules
+            +on_train_begin(context)
+            +on_train_end(context)
+        }
+
         class CheckpointCallback {
             +str save_dir
             +int interval
+            +bool weight_only
+            +Callable state_dict_fn
+            +Callable save_extra_fn
+            +Callable load_extra_fn
             +_save_checkpoint(context)
+            +on_train_begin(context)
             +on_batch_end(context)
             +on_train_end(context)
             +on_error(context)
+            +save_extra(context)$
+            +load_extra(extra, context)$
         }
 
         class ProgressBarCallback {
             +int num_epoch
+            +int log_interval
+            +IO file
             +on_epoch_begin(context)
             +on_batch_end(context)
             +on_epoch_end(context)
@@ -434,8 +500,16 @@ classDiagram
         class MetricLoggerCallback {
             +str log_dir
             +int save_interval
+            +int log_interval
+            +List[str] metrics
             +on_batch_end(context)
             +on_train_end(context)
+            +on_error(context)
+        }
+
+        class ValidationCallback {
+            +_run_validation(context)
+            +on_step_end(context)
         }
 
         class CallbackFactory {
@@ -443,6 +517,14 @@ classDiagram
             +register(name) decorator
             +create(name, **kwargs) TrainCallback
         }
+
+        class Muon {
+            +float lr
+            +float momentum
+            +float weight_decay
+            +int ns_steps
+            +step(closure) Optional[float]
+        }
     }
 
     namespace inference {
@@ -616,7 +698,7 @@ classDiagram
         }
 
         class SamplingPipeline {
-            +List strategies
+            +List[BaseSamplingStrategy] strategies
             +apply(logits, filter_value) Tensor
             +sample(logits, filter_value) Tensor
         }
@@ -638,14 +720,19 @@ classDiagram
         }
 
         class ChatCompletionRequest {
+            +str model
             +List[ChatMessage] messages
-            +float temperature
+            +Optional[float] temperature
-            +float top_p
+            +Optional[float] top_p
-            +int top_k
+            +Optional[int] top_k
-            +int max_tokens
+            +Optional[int] max_tokens
-            +bool stream
+            +Optional[bool] stream
-            +Optional[str] stop
+            +Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] stop
             +Optional[int] n
+            +Optional[float] presence_penalty
+            +Optional[float] frequency_penalty
+            +Optional[Dict[int, float]] logit_bias
+            +Optional[str] user
         }
 
         class AnthropicMessage {
@@ -654,6 +741,7 @@ classDiagram
         }
 
         class MessagesRequest {
+            +str model
             +List[AnthropicMessage] messages
             +Optional[str] system
             +float temperature
@@ -666,8 +754,13 @@ classDiagram
 
         class ProtocolHandler {
             <<abstract>>
+            +request
+            +engine
             +build_prompt() str
             +create_response_id() str
+            +get_stop_sequences() List[str]
+            +create_stop_checker() StopChecker
+            +on_token(ctx, token, stop_checker) Optional[str]
             +format_stream_start(ctx) List[str]
             +format_stream_token(ctx, token) str
             +format_stream_end(ctx) List[str]
@@ -687,6 +780,7 @@ classDiagram
         }
 
         class StopChecker {
+            +has_sequences (property) bool
             +check(text) Optional[str]
             +trim(text, matched) str
         }
@@ -699,6 +793,7 @@ classDiagram
             +int completion_tokens
             +str accumulated
             +Optional[str] stop_matched
+            +str last_yield_trimmed
         }
 
         class app {
@@ -709,11 +804,13 @@ classDiagram
 
     namespace parallel {
         class Functions {
-            +spawn_parallel_fn(func, world_size, backend, master_addr, master_port, device_type, **kwargs)
+            <<module>>
+            +spawn_parallel_fn(func, world_size, backend, master_addr, master_port, device_type, start_method, **kwargs)
             +setup_parallel(rank, world_size, backend, master_addr, master_port, device_type)
             +get_current_device() str
             +get_world_size() int
             +get_rank() int
+            +only_on_rank(rank, sync) decorator
         }
 
         class ParallelModel {
@@ -741,6 +838,7 @@ classDiagram
     BaseScheduler <|-- CosineScheduler
     BaseScheduler <|-- SGDRScheduler
     TrainCallback <|-- GradientClippingCallback
+    TrainCallback <|-- GradientCheckpointingCallback
     TrainCallback <|-- CheckpointCallback
     TrainCallback <|-- ProgressBarCallback
     TrainCallback <|-- MetricLoggerCallback
@@ -753,12 +851,15 @@ classDiagram
     BaseSamplingStrategy <|-- TemperatureStrategy
     BaseSamplingStrategy <|-- TopKStrategy
     BaseSamplingStrategy <|-- TopPStrategy
+    BaseSamplingStrategy <|-- SamplingPipeline
     ParallelModel <|-- RowParallelLinear
     ParallelModel <|-- ColumnParallelLinear
-    AutoModel <|-- Transformer
+    AutoModel <|-- AutoRegressiveLM
+    AutoModel <|-- EmbeddingEncoder
     BaseConfig <|-- BaseModelConfig
     BaseConfig <|-- TrainConfig
-    BaseModelConfig <|-- ModelConfig
+    BaseModelConfig <|-- AutoRegressiveLMConfig
+    BaseModelConfig <|-- EncoderConfig
     BaseFactory <|-- AutoModel
     BaseFactory <|-- AttnFactory
     BaseFactory <|-- FFNFactory
@@ -766,6 +867,9 @@ classDiagram
     BaseFactory <|-- StrategyFactory
     BaseFactory <|-- SchedulerFactory
     BaseFactory <|-- CallbackFactory
+    BaseFactory <|-- StorageFactory
+    BaseFactory <|-- ConfigFactory
+    TrainCallback <|-- ValidationCallback
     ProtocolHandler <|-- OpenAIHandler
     ProtocolHandler <|-- AnthropicHandler
 
@@ -773,31 +877,33 @@ classDiagram
     KVCache *-- PagePool
     KVCache *-- Storage
     KVCache *-- TaskTable
-    KVCache *-- Allocator
+    PagePool *-- Allocator
-    KVCache *-- PrefixCache
+    PagePool *-- PrefixCache
     InferenceEngine *-- InferenceScheduler
     InferenceScheduler *-- KVCache
     InferenceScheduler *-- Executor
     InferenceScheduler *-- TaskManager
-    SamplingPipeline *-- BaseSamplingStrategy
+    AutoRegressiveLM *-- DecoderBlock
-    TrainContextBuilder *-- TrainContext
+    AutoRegressiveLM *-- RotaryEmbedding
-    Transformer *-- DecoderBlock
+    AutoRegressiveLM *-- Embedding
-    Transformer *-- RotaryEmbedding
+    EmbeddingEncoder *-- DecoderBlock
-    Transformer *-- Embedding
+    EmbeddingEncoder *-- RotaryEmbedding
+    EmbeddingEncoder *-- Embedding
     DecoderBlock *-- RMSNorm
-    BaseDataset *-- BaseStorage
     ChatCompletionRequest *-- ChatMessage
     MessagesRequest *-- AnthropicMessage
+    AutoTokenizer *-- ChatTemplate
+    BaseFactory *-- Registry
 
     %% --- Aggregation (weak ownership) ---
-    AutoModel o-- ModelConfig
+    AutoModel o-- BaseModelConfig
     Trainer o-- TrainCallback
     TrainContext o-- BaseStrategy
     TrainContext o-- BaseScheduler
     TrainContext o-- Checkpoint
-    AutoTokenizer o-- ChatTemplate
     KvcacheView o-- Storage
-    BaseFactory o-- Registry
+    SamplingPipeline o-- BaseSamplingStrategy
+    BaseDataset o-- BaseStorage
 
     %% --- Dependency (uses temporarily) ---
     TrainConfig ..> BaseStrategy : selects
@@ -811,7 +917,12 @@ classDiagram
     FFNFactory ..> DeepSeekMoE : creates
     DecoderBlock ..> AttnFactory : uses
     DecoderBlock ..> FFNFactory : uses
+    StorageFactory ..> H5Storage : creates
+    StorageFactory ..> JSONStorage : creates
+    ConfigFactory ..> AutoRegressiveLMConfig : creates
+    ConfigFactory ..> EncoderConfig : creates
     Trainer ..> TrainContextBuilder : uses
+    TrainContextBuilder ..> TrainContext : creates
     Trainer ..> Functions : spawns
     TrainContextBuilder ..> StrategyFactory : uses
     TrainContextBuilder ..> ResumableDistributedSampler : creates
@@ -827,13 +938,13 @@ classDiagram
 
     %% --- Association (general usage) ---
     Trainer --> TrainConfig
-    DPOStrategy --> Transformer
+    DPOStrategy --> AutoModel
-    GRPOStrategy --> Transformer
+    GRPOStrategy --> AutoModel
     InferenceScheduler --> Task
     InferenceScheduler --> TaskStatus
     Task --> TaskStatus
-    InferenceEngine --> Transformer
+    InferenceEngine --> AutoModel
-    Executor --> Transformer
+    Executor --> AutoModel
     Executor --> AutoTokenizer
     TaskManager --> AutoTokenizer
     MultiSegmentFetcher --> BaseSegmentFetcher
@@ -846,12 +957,12 @@ classDiagram
 
 | Module | Components | Description |
 |--------|------------|-------------|
-| **astrai.config** | BaseConfig, BaseModelConfig, ModelConfig, TrainConfig | Configuration management (to_dict/from_dict, to_file/from_file) |
+| **astrai.config** | BaseConfig, BaseModelConfig, AutoRegressiveLMConfig, EncoderConfig, ConfigFactory, TrainConfig | Configuration management (to_dict/from_dict, to_file/from_file) |
-| **astrai.dataset** | BaseDataset–GRPODataset, BaseStorage–JSONStorage, BaseSegmentFetcher, MultiSegmentFetcher, ResumableDistributedSampler, DatasetFactory | Dataset loading and management |
+| **astrai.dataset** | BaseDataset–GRPODataset, BaseStorage–JSONStorage, StorageFactory, BaseSegmentFetcher, MultiSegmentFetcher, ResumableDistributedSampler, DatasetFactory | Dataset loading and management |
 | **astrai.serialization** | Checkpoint | Model serialization |
-| **astrai.model** | AutoModel, Transformer, DecoderBlock, GQA, MLA, MLP, DeepSeekMoE, AttnFactory, FFNFactory, RMSNorm, Linear, RotaryEmbedding, Embedding | Neural network model |
+| **astrai.model** | AutoModel, AutoRegressiveLM, EmbeddingEncoder, DecoderBlock, GQA, MLA, MLP, DeepSeekMoE, AttnFactory, FFNFactory, RMSNorm, Linear, RotaryEmbedding, Embedding | Neural network model |
 | **astrai.tokenize** | AutoTokenizer, ChatTemplate | Tokenizer and chat template |
-| **astrai.trainer** | Trainer, TrainContext, TrainContextBuilder, BaseStrategy–GRPOStrategy, StrategyFactory, BaseScheduler–SGDRScheduler, SchedulerFactory, TrainCallback–MetricLoggerCallback, CallbackFactory | Training workflow |
+| **astrai.trainer** | Trainer, TrainContext, TrainContextBuilder, BaseStrategy–GRPOStrategy, StrategyFactory, BaseScheduler–SGDRScheduler, SchedulerFactory, TrainCallback(Protocol)–ValidationCallback, CallbackFactory, Muon | Training workflow |
 | **astrai.inference** | InferenceEngine, InferenceScheduler, Executor, KVCache–KvcacheView, Allocator–Storage, Task, TaskManager, TaskStatus, GenerationRequest, BaseSamplingStrategy–SamplingPipeline, ProtocolHandler–AnthropicHandler, ChatMessage–MessagesRequest, app | Inference service |
 | **astrai.parallel** | spawn_parallel_fn, setup_parallel, get_rank/get_world_size/get_current_device, only_on_rank, ParallelModel, RowParallelLinear, ColumnParallelLinear | Distributed parallel |
 | **astrai.factory** | Registry, BaseFactory[T] | Component registration |
@@ -860,7 +971,7 @@ classDiagram
 
 | Pattern | Classes | Purpose |
 |---------|---------|---------|
-| **Factory** | `AttnFactory`, `FFNFactory`, `StrategyFactory`, `DatasetFactory`, `SchedulerFactory`, `CallbackFactory` | Decorator-based component creation |
+| **Factory** | `AttnFactory`, `FFNFactory`, `StrategyFactory`, `DatasetFactory`, `SchedulerFactory`, `CallbackFactory`, `StorageFactory`, `ConfigFactory` | Decorator-based component creation |
 | **Registry** | `BaseFactory`, `Registry` | Component registration with category/priority |
 | **Strategy** | `SEQStrategy`, `SFTStrategy`, `DPOStrategy`, `GRPOStrategy` | Training strategy switching |
 | **Strategy (Sampling)** | `TemperatureStrategy`, `TopKStrategy`, `TopPStrategy`, `SamplingPipeline` | Composable logit transformations |
@@ -871,18 +982,18 @@ classDiagram
 | **Object Pool** | `Allocator`, `PagePool` | Page-based KV cache with LRU eviction |
 | **Storage** | `BaseStorage`, `H5Storage`, `JSONStorage` | Format-agnostic data access |
 | **Producer-Consumer** | `InferenceScheduler`, `Task`, queues | Continuous batching |
-| **AutoModel Registry** | `AutoModel`, `Transformer` | Model-type dynamic loading |
+| **AutoModel Registry** | `AutoModel`, `AutoRegressiveLM`, `EmbeddingEncoder` | Model-type dynamic loading |
 
 ## Core Relationships
 
 1. **Config → Training**: `TrainConfig` holds model, dataset, optimizer_fn, scheduler_fn
 2. **Training Flow**: `Trainer` → `TrainContextBuilder` → `TrainContext`, uses `BaseStrategy` for loss
 3. **Strategy Selection**: `StrategyFactory` creates strategy by `train_type`
-4. **Inference Flow**: `InferenceEngine` → `InferenceScheduler` → `Transformer`, backed by `KVCache` + `SamplingPipeline`
+4. **Inference Flow**: `InferenceEngine` → `InferenceScheduler` → `AutoRegressiveLM`, backed by `KVCache` + `SamplingPipeline`
 5. **Distributed**: `spawn_parallel_fn` + `setup_parallel` for multi-process DDP
 6. **Dataset Loading**: `DatasetFactory` creates datasets, `BaseStorage` (H5Storage/JSONStorage) loads via `BaseSegmentFetcher` + `MultiSegmentFetcher`
 7. **Checkpoint**: `Checkpoint` saves/loads safetensors + metadata (rank-0 only)
 8. **Scheduler**: `SchedulerFactory` creates `CosineScheduler`/`SGDRScheduler`
 9. **AutoModel**: `from_pretrained()` loads `config.json` + `model.safetensors`, `_disable_random_init` replaces `nn.init.*` with no-ops
 
-> Document Update Time: 2026-05-16
+> Document Update Time: 2026-05-17

assets/docs/dataflow.md

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ Raw text is tokenized via `AutoTokenizer.encode()` and saved as HDF5 (`.h5`) or
 Storage format is auto-detected by `detect_format()`; backends are dispatched via registry:
 
 ```
-create_storage("h5")   → H5Storage
+StorageFactory.create("h5")   → H5Storage
-create_storage("json") → JSONStorage
+StorageFactory.create("json") → JSONStorage
 ```
 
 Both support shared memory via `.share_memory_()`.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Both support shared memory via `.share_memory_()`.
 
 ```
 DatasetFactory.load(train_type, path, window_size, stride)
-  → create_storage(detect_format(path))
+  → StorageFactory.create(detect_format(path))
     → MultiSegmentFetcher(BaseSegmentFetcher per key)
       → BaseDataset.__getitem__(idx)
         → sliding window [begin, end) via get_index(idx)
@@ -54,4 +54,4 @@ DatasetFactory.load(train_type, path, window_size, stride)
 
 Standard PyTorch `DataLoader` with configurable `batch_size`, `num_workers`, `pin_memory`, `prefetch_factor`. Sampler produces indices; dataloader fetches tensor batches via `__getitem__`.
 
-> Document Update Time: 2026-05-15
+> Document Update Time: 2026-05-17

assets/docs/inference.md

@@ -137,4 +137,4 @@ engine.generate(["A", "B"], stream=True)        # -> Generator[Tuple[int, str]]
 await engine.generate_async("Hello", ...)       # -> AsyncGenerator[str]
 ```
 
-> Document Update Time: 2026-05-15
+> Document Update Time: 2026-05-17

assets/docs/params.md

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 
 | Parameter | Description | Default |
 |-----------|-------------|---------|
-| `--adamw_beta1` | AdamW beta1 | 0.95 |
+| `--adamw_beta1` | AdamW beta1 | 0.9 |
-| `--adamw_beta2` | AdamW beta2 | 0.99 |
+| `--adamw_beta2` | AdamW beta2 | 0.95 |
 | `--adamw_weight_decay` | AdamW weight decay | 0.01 |
 
 ### Data Loading
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1,2,3
 
 nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --nprocs=4 \
-    --train_type=pt \
+    --train_type=seq \
     --data_root_path=/path/to/dataset \
     --param_path=/path/to/model \
     --batch_per_device=4 \
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --warmup_ratio=0.05 \
     --max_lr=1e-4 \
     --max_grad_norm=1.0 \
-    --adamw_beta1=0.95 \
+    --adamw_beta1=0.9 \
-    --adamw_beta2=0.99 \
+    --adamw_beta2=0.95 \
     --adamw_weight_decay=0.01 \
     --window_size=2048 \
     --ckpt_interval=10000 \
@@ -94,4 +94,4 @@ nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
 
 ---
 
-> Document Update Time: 2026-05-16
+> Document Update Time: 2026-05-17

assets/docs/training.md

@@ -91,11 +91,13 @@ on_train_end
 
 | Hook | Fires | Default callback |
 |------|-------|-----------------|
+| `on_train_begin` | Before training starts | `GradientCheckpointingCallback` |
 | `on_step_begin` | Every accumulation window | `GradientClippingCallback` |
 | `on_batch_end` | Every batch | `CheckpointCallback`, `MetricLoggerCallback`, `ProgressBarCallback` |
+| `on_step_end` | Every accumulation window | `ValidationCallback` |
 | `on_train_end` | Training ends | `CheckpointCallback`, `MetricLoggerCallback` (final save) |
 
-Default callbacks: `progress_bar` (tqdm), `checkpoint` (safetensors, rank-0), `metric_logger` (JSONL, rank-0), `gradient_clipping`.
+Default callbacks: `gradient_checkpointing` (activation checkpointing, optional), `progress_bar` (tqdm), `checkpoint` (safetensors, rank-0), `metric_logger` (JSONL, rank-0), `gradient_clipping`, `validation` (periodic validation on val_dataset).
 
 ## Strategies
 
@@ -154,6 +156,17 @@ Keys: `prompts`, `responses`, `masks`, `rewards`.
 
 Created by `SchedulerFactory.create(optimizer, schedule_type, **kwargs)`.
 
+## Gradient Checkpointing
+
+Trades compute for memory by recomputing activations during backward pass. Specify module types via `gradient_checkpointing_modules`:
+
+```python
+from astrai.model.components.decoder_block import DecoderBlock
+config = TrainConfig(..., gradient_checkpointing_modules=[DecoderBlock])
+```
+
+Callback wraps each `DecoderBlock.forward` with `torch.utils.checkpoint.checkpoint(use_reentrant=False)`, compatible with `torch.compile`. Uses `nn.Module.apply()` for traversal — works through DDP wrappers without manual unwrap. Empty list (default) means no-op.
+
 ## Checkpoint
 
 ```
@@ -188,7 +201,7 @@ export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1,2,3
 
 nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --nprocs=4 \
-    --train_type=pt \
+    --train_type=seq \
     --data_root_path=/path/to/dataset \
     --param_path=/path/to/model \
     --batch_per_device=4 \
@@ -196,8 +209,8 @@ nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
     --warmup_ratio=0.05 \
     --max_lr=1e-4 \
     --max_grad_norm=1.0 \
-    --adamw_beta1=0.95 \
+    --adamw_beta1=0.9 \
-    --adamw_beta2=0.99 \
+    --adamw_beta2=0.95 \
     --adamw_weight_decay=0.01 \
     --window_size=2048 \
     --ckpt_interval=10000 \
@@ -209,4 +222,4 @@ nohup python scripts/tools/train.py \
 
 Full parameter reference at [params.md](params.md).
 
-> Document Update Time: 2026-05-16
+> Document Update Time: 2026-05-17

astrai/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-__version__ = "1.3.5"
+__version__ = "1.3.6"
 __author__ = "ViperEkura"
 
 from astrai.config import (
-    ModelConfig,
+    AutoRegressiveLMConfig,
+    EncoderConfig,
     TrainConfig,
 )
 from astrai.dataset import DatasetFactory
@@ -11,13 +12,14 @@ from astrai.inference import (
     GenerationRequest,
     InferenceEngine,
 )
-from astrai.model import AutoModel, Transformer
+from astrai.model import AutoModel, AutoRegressiveLM
 from astrai.tokenize import AutoTokenizer
 from astrai.trainer import CallbackFactory, SchedulerFactory, StrategyFactory, Trainer
 
 __all__ = [
-    "Transformer",
+    "AutoRegressiveLM",
-    "ModelConfig",
+    "AutoRegressiveLMConfig",
+    "EncoderConfig",
     "TrainConfig",
     "DatasetFactory",
     "AutoTokenizer",

astrai/config/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,16 @@
-from astrai.config.model_config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config.model_config import (
+    AutoRegressiveLMConfig,
+    BaseModelConfig,
+    ConfigFactory,
+    EncoderConfig,
+)
 from astrai.config.train_config import TrainConfig
 
 __all__ = [
     # Model configuration
-    "ModelConfig",
+    "BaseModelConfig",
+    "AutoRegressiveLMConfig",
+    "EncoderConfig",
+    "ConfigFactory",
     "TrainConfig",
 ]

astrai/config/base.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class BaseConfig:
                 d[fld.name] = v
             elif v is None:
                 d[fld.name] = None
-            elif isinstance(v, dict):
+            elif isinstance(v, (dict, list)):
                 try:
                     json.dumps(v)
                     d[fld.name] = v

astrai/config/model_config.py

@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
 import json
-import warnings
+from dataclasses import dataclass
-from dataclasses import dataclass, fields
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Self
 
 from astrai.config.base import BaseConfig
+from astrai.factory import BaseFactory
+
+
+class ConfigFactory(BaseFactory[BaseConfig]):
+    """Factory that dispatches config classes by ``model_type``."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def load(cls, raw: Dict[str, Any]) -> BaseConfig:
+        model_type = raw.get("model_type") or "autoregressive_lm"
+        config_cls = cls.get_component_class(model_type)
+        return config_cls.from_dict(raw)
 
 
 @dataclass
 class BaseModelConfig(BaseConfig):
-    """Field-aware JSON from/to file for dataclass configs.
+    """Base config with ``model_type`` dispatch and file I/O."""
-
-    Subclass with additional fields. The base ``model_type`` field
-    enables ``AutoModel`` to pick the correct subclass.
-    """
 
     model_type: Optional[str] = None
 
@@ -20,13 +26,6 @@ class BaseModelConfig(BaseConfig):
     def from_file(cls, config_path: str) -> Self:
         with open(config_path, "r") as f:
             raw: Dict[str, Any] = json.load(f)
-
-        valid = {fld.name for fld in fields(cls)}
-        for key in list(raw):
-            if key not in valid:
-                warnings.warn(f"Unknown config key '{key}'")
-                del raw[key]
-
         return cls.from_dict(raw)
 
     def to_file(self, config_path: str):
@@ -37,34 +36,55 @@ class BaseModelConfig(BaseConfig):
 
 
 @dataclass
-class ModelConfig(BaseModelConfig):
+@ConfigFactory.register("autoregressive_lm")
+class AutoRegressiveLMConfig(BaseModelConfig):
+    """Configuration for autoregressive language model."""
+
     vocab_size: Optional[int] = None
     dim: Optional[int] = None
-
     n_layers: Optional[int] = None
     norm_eps: Optional[float] = None
     dim_ffn: Optional[int] = None
     tie_weight: Optional[bool] = None
 
-    # RoPE
     max_len: Optional[int] = None
     rope_theta: Optional[float] = None
 
-    # attention
     attn_type: str = "gqa"
     n_heads: Optional[int] = None
     n_kv_heads: Optional[int] = None
     use_qk_norm: Optional[bool] = None
     use_gated_attention: Optional[bool] = None
 
-    # MLA
     kv_lora_rank: Optional[int] = None
     qk_nope_head_dim: Optional[int] = None
     qk_rope_head_dim: Optional[int] = None
 
-    # MoE
     ffn_type: str = "mlp"
     n_routed_experts: Optional[int] = None
     n_shared_experts: Optional[int] = None
     n_activated_experts: Optional[int] = None
     topk_method: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+@ConfigFactory.register("embedding")
+class EncoderConfig(BaseModelConfig):
+    """Configuration for embedding encoder model."""
+
+    vocab_size: Optional[int] = None
+    dim: Optional[int] = None
+    n_layers: Optional[int] = None
+    norm_eps: Optional[float] = None
+    dim_ffn: Optional[int] = None
+
+    max_len: Optional[int] = None
+    rope_theta: Optional[float] = None
+
+    n_heads: Optional[int] = None
+    n_kv_heads: Optional[int] = None
+    use_qk_norm: Optional[bool] = None
+    use_gated_attention: Optional[bool] = None
+
+    pooling_type: Optional[str] = None
+    normalize_embeddings: Optional[bool] = None

astrai/config/train_config.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field, fields
-from typing import Callable, Optional
+from typing import Callable, List, Optional
 
 import torch.nn as nn
 from torch.optim import Optimizer
@@ -9,17 +9,25 @@ from torch.utils.data import Dataset
 from astrai.config.base import BaseConfig
 
 
+def required(**kw):
+    return {"required": True, **kw}
+
+
 @dataclass
 class TrainConfig(BaseConfig):
     # basic setting
-    model: nn.Module = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "Model for training."})
+    model: nn.Module = field(
-    strategy: str = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "Training strategy."})
+        default=None, metadata=required(help="Model for training.")
-    dataset: Dataset = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "Dataset for training."})
+    )
+    strategy: str = field(default=None, metadata=required(help="Training strategy."))
+    dataset: Dataset = field(
+        default=None, metadata=required(help="Dataset for training.")
+    )
     optimizer_fn: Callable[[nn.Module], Optimizer] = field(
-        default=None, metadata={"help": "Optimizer factory for training."}
+        default=None, metadata=required(help="Optimizer factory for training.")
     )
     scheduler_fn: Callable[[Optimizer], LRScheduler] = field(
-        default=None, metadata={"help": "Scheduler factory for training."}
+        default=None, metadata=required(help="Scheduler factory for training.")
     )
     n_epoch: int = field(default=1, metadata={"help": "Number of epochs for training."})
     batch_per_device: int = field(
@@ -31,6 +39,10 @@ class TrainConfig(BaseConfig):
     max_grad_norm: float = field(
         default=1.0, metadata={"help": "Maximum gradient norm."}
     )
+    gradient_checkpointing_modules: list = field(
+        default_factory=list,
+        metadata={"help": "Module types to enable activation checkpointing for."},
+    )
 
     # checkpoint setting
     start_epoch: int = field(default=0, metadata={"help": "Start epoch for training."})
@@ -44,6 +56,19 @@ class TrainConfig(BaseConfig):
         default=5000, metadata={"help": "Number of iterations between checkpoints."}
     )
 
+    # metric setting
+    log_dir: str = field(
+        default="./checkpoint/logs", metadata={"help": "Directory for metric logs."}
+    )
+    log_interval: int = field(
+        default=100,
+        metadata={"help": "Number of batch iterations between metric logs."},
+    )
+    metrics: List[str] = field(
+        default_factory=lambda: ["loss", "lr"],
+        metadata={"help": "Metrics to record during training."},
+    )
+
     # dataloader setting
     random_seed: int = field(default=3407, metadata={"help": "Random seed."})
     num_workers: int = field(
@@ -76,11 +101,23 @@ class TrainConfig(BaseConfig):
     state_dict_fn: Optional[Callable] = field(
         default=None, metadata={"help": "Parallel function for state  dict saving."}
     )
+    start_method: str = field(
+        default="spawn",
+        metadata={"help": "Multiprocessing start method (spawn/fork/forkserver)."},
+    )
 
     # others
     device_type: str = field(
         default="cuda", metadata={"help": "Device type for distributed training."}
     )
+    val_dataset: Optional[Dataset] = field(
+        default=None, metadata={"help": "Dataset for validation."}
+    )
+    val_step: int = field(
+        default=1000,
+        metadata={"help": "Number of optimizer steps between validation runs."},
+    )
+
     extra_kwargs: dict = field(
         default_factory=dict, metadata={"help": "Other arguments."}
     )
@@ -89,14 +126,6 @@ class TrainConfig(BaseConfig):
         self.validate()
 
     def validate(self):
-        required_fields = [
+        for fld in fields(self):
-            "model",
+            if fld.metadata.get("required") and getattr(self, fld.name) is None:
-            "strategy",
+                raise ValueError(f"TrainConfig.{fld.name} is required but got None.")
-            "dataset",
-            "optimizer_fn",
-            "scheduler_fn",
-        ]
-
-        for field_name in required_fields:
-            if getattr(self, field_name) is None:
-                raise ValueError(f"{field_name} is required.")

astrai/inference/api/protocol.py

@@ -226,6 +226,17 @@ class OpenAIHandler(ProtocolHandler):
     def create_response_id(self) -> str:
         return f"chatcmpl-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"
 
+    def get_stop_sequences(self) -> List[str]:
+        stop = self.request.stop
+        if stop is None:
+            return []
+        return [stop] if isinstance(stop, str) else stop
+
+    def on_token(
+        self, ctx: StreamContext, token: str, stop_checker: StopChecker
+    ) -> Optional[str]:
+        return stop_checker.check(ctx.accumulated)
+
     def format_stream_start(self, ctx: StreamContext) -> List[str]:
         return [
             _sse_event(

astrai/inference/api/server.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
 import torch
 import uvicorn
-from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Request
+from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 
 from astrai.inference.api.protocol import AnthropicHandler, OpenAIHandler
@@ -67,6 +67,24 @@ class MessagesRequest(BaseModel):
     stop_sequences: Optional[List[str]] = None
 
 
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
+    config = app.state.server_config
+    if not config.get("_test", False):
+        try:
+            app.state.engine = _create_engine(**config)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to load model: {e}")
+            raise
+    yield
+    if app.state.engine:
+        app.state.engine.shutdown()
+        logger.info("Inference engine shutdown complete")
+
+
+app = FastAPI(title="AstrAI Inference Server", version="0.2.0", lifespan=lifespan)
+
+
 def _create_engine(
     param_path: Optional[Path] = None,
     device: str = "cuda",
@@ -92,54 +110,36 @@ def _create_engine(
     return engine
 
 
-@asynccontextmanager
+def _get_engine() -> InferenceEngine:
-async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
+    engine = app.state.engine
-    config = app.state.server_config
-    if not config.get("_test", False):
-        try:
-            app.state.engine = _create_engine(**config)
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"Failed to load model: {e}")
-            raise
-    yield
-    if app.state.engine:
-        app.state.engine.shutdown()
-        logger.info("Inference engine shutdown complete")
-
-
-app = FastAPI(title="AstrAI Inference Server", version="0.2.0", lifespan=lifespan)
-
-
-def _get_engine(request: Request) -> InferenceEngine:
-    engine = request.app.state.engine
     if engine is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail="Engine not initialized")
     return engine
 
 
 @app.get("/health")
-async def health(request: Request):
+async def health():
     return {
         "status": "ok",
-        "model_loaded": request.app.state.engine is not None,
+        "model_loaded": app.state.engine is not None,
     }
 
 
 @app.get("/stats")
-async def get_stats(request: Request):
+async def get_stats():
-    return _get_engine(request).get_stats()
+    return _get_engine().get_stats()
 
 
 @app.post("/v1/chat/completions")
-async def chat_completion(request: ChatCompletionRequest, req: Request):
+async def chat_completion(request: ChatCompletionRequest):
-    engine = _get_engine(req)
+    engine = _get_engine()
     handler = OpenAIHandler(request, engine)
     return await handler.handle()
 
 
 @app.post("/v1/messages")
-async def create_message(request: MessagesRequest, req: Request):
+async def create_message(request: MessagesRequest):
-    engine = _get_engine(req)
+    engine = _get_engine()
     handler = AnthropicHandler(request, engine)
     return await handler.handle()
 

astrai/model/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from astrai.model.components.decoder_block import DecoderBlock
 from astrai.model.components.linear import Linear
 from astrai.model.components.mlp import MLP
 from astrai.model.components.norm import RMSNorm
-from astrai.model.transformer import Transformer
+from astrai.model.encoder import EmbeddingEncoder
+from astrai.model.transformer import AutoRegressiveLM
 
 __all__ = [
     # Modules
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "GQA",
     "DecoderBlock",
     # Models
-    "Transformer",
+    "AutoRegressiveLM",
+    "EmbeddingEncoder",
     "AutoModel",
 ]

astrai/model/automodel.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 AutoModel base class for model loading and saving.
 """
 
+import json
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Self, Union
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ from typing import Self, Union
 import safetensors.torch as st
 import torch.nn as nn
 
-from astrai.config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config.model_config import BaseModelConfig, ConfigFactory
 from astrai.factory import BaseFactory
 
 
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ class AutoModel(BaseFactory["AutoModel"], nn.Module):
     Provides model loading/saving, registration, and generation.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, config: ModelConfig):
+    def __init__(self, config: BaseModelConfig):
         super().__init__()
         self.config = config
 
@@ -62,11 +63,13 @@ class AutoModel(BaseFactory["AutoModel"], nn.Module):
         # Load config
         config_path = model_path / "config.json"
         if config_path.exists():
-            config = ModelConfig.from_file(str(config_path))
+            with open(config_path, "r") as f:
+                raw = json.load(f)
+            config = ConfigFactory.load(raw)
+            model_type = config.model_type or "autoregressive_lm"
         else:
             raise FileNotFoundError(f"Config file not found: {config_path}")
 
-        model_type = config.model_type or "transformer"
         actual_cls = AutoModel.get_component_class(model_type)
 
         with _disable_random_init(enable=disable_random_init):

astrai/model/encoder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+from typing import Any, Mapping, Optional
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from torch import Tensor
+
+from astrai.config.model_config import EncoderConfig
+from astrai.model.automodel import AutoModel
+from astrai.model.components.decoder_block import DecoderBlock
+from astrai.model.components.embedding import Embedding
+from astrai.model.components.norm import RMSNorm
+from astrai.model.components.rope import RotaryEmbedding
+from astrai.model.transformer import process_attention_mask
+
+
+@AutoModel.register("embedding")
+class EmbeddingEncoder(AutoModel):
+    def __init__(self, config: EncoderConfig):
+        super().__init__(config)
+        self.config = config
+        rope_dim = config.dim // config.n_heads
+        rope_base = config.rope_theta if config.rope_theta is not None else 10000
+        self.rotary_embedding = RotaryEmbedding(rope_dim, config.max_len, rope_base)
+        self.embed_tokens = Embedding(config.vocab_size, config.dim)
+
+        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
+            [
+                DecoderBlock(
+                    config.dim,
+                    config.n_heads,
+                    config.dim_ffn,
+                    config.n_kv_heads,
+                    config.norm_eps,
+                    config.use_qk_norm,
+                    config.use_gated_attention,
+                    layer_id,
+                )
+                for layer_id in range(config.n_layers)
+            ]
+        )
+
+        self.norm = RMSNorm(config.dim, config.norm_eps)
+
+        self.pooling_type = config.pooling_type or "mean"
+        self.normalize_embeddings = config.normalize_embeddings or False
+
+        self.apply(self._init_weights)
+
+    def _init_weights(self, module):
+        if hasattr(module, "reset_parameters"):
+            module.reset_parameters()
+
+    def load_state_dict(self, state_dict: Mapping[str, Any], strict=True, assign=False):
+        state_dict = dict(state_dict)
+        state_dict.pop("lm_head.weight", None)
+        return super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)
+
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        input_ids: Tensor,
+        input_mask: Optional[Tensor] = None,
+        position_ids: Optional[Tensor] = None,
+    ) -> Tensor:
+        assert input_ids.ndim == 2
+        B, S = input_ids.shape
+
+        x = self.embed_tokens(input_ids)
+
+        if position_ids is None:
+            position_ids = torch.arange(S, device=x.device).unsqueeze(0).expand(B, -1)
+
+        rotary_emb = self.rotary_embedding(x, position_ids)
+        attn_mask = process_attention_mask(x, position_ids, input_mask, is_causal=False)
+
+        for layer in self.layers:
+            x = layer(x, rotary_emb, attn_mask, paged_cache=None)
+
+        hidden_states = self.norm(x)
+
+        if self.pooling_type == "cls":
+            pooled = hidden_states[:, 0]
+        elif self.pooling_type == "last":
+            if input_mask is not None:
+                lengths = input_mask.sum(dim=1) - 1
+                pooled = hidden_states[torch.arange(B, device=x.device), lengths]
+            else:
+                pooled = hidden_states[:, -1]
+        else:
+            if input_mask is not None:
+                mask = input_mask.unsqueeze(-1).to(dtype=hidden_states.dtype)
+                pooled = (hidden_states * mask).sum(dim=1) / mask.sum(dim=1).clamp(
+                    min=1.0
+                )
+            else:
+                pooled = hidden_states.mean(dim=1)
+
+        if self.normalize_embeddings:
+            pooled = torch.nn.functional.normalize(pooled, p=2, dim=-1)
+
+        return pooled

astrai/model/transformer.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import torch
 import torch.nn as nn
 from torch import Tensor
 
-from astrai.config.model_config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config.model_config import AutoRegressiveLMConfig
 from astrai.inference.core.cache import KvcacheView
 from astrai.model.automodel import AutoModel
 from astrai.model.components.decoder_block import DecoderBlock
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ def process_attention_mask(
     ).masked_fill_(attend.unsqueeze(1), 0.0)
 
 
-@AutoModel.register("transformer")
+@AutoModel.register("autoregressive_lm")
-class Transformer(AutoModel):
+class AutoRegressiveLM(AutoModel):
-    """Transformer language model with paged KV cache."""
+    """Autoregressive language model with paged KV cache."""
 
-    def __init__(self, config: ModelConfig):
+    def __init__(self, config: AutoRegressiveLMConfig):
         super().__init__(config)
         self.config = config
         rope_dim = (

astrai/parallel/setup.py

@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ def spawn_parallel_fn(
     master_addr: str = "localhost",
     master_port: str = "29500",
     device_type: str = "cuda",
+    start_method: str = "spawn",
     **kwargs,
 ):
     # clear environment variables
@@ -156,6 +157,10 @@ def spawn_parallel_fn(
         kwargs,
     )
 
-    mp.spawn(
+    mp.start_processes(
-        wrapper_spawn_func, nprocs=world_size, args=wrapper_spawn_func_args, join=True
+        wrapper_spawn_func,
+        args=wrapper_spawn_func_args,
+        nprocs=world_size,
+        start_method=start_method,
+        join=True,
     )

astrai/serialization.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Checkpoint:
             meta = {
                 "epoch": self.epoch,
                 "iteration": self.iteration,
-                "timestamp": time.time(),
+                "timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"),
             }
             meta.update(self.meta)
             with open(save_path / "meta.json", "w") as f:

astrai/tokenize/tokenizer.py

@@ -51,9 +51,26 @@ class AutoTokenizer:
                 self.set_chat_template(config["chat_template"])
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_pretrained(cls, path: Union[str, Path], **kwargs) -> "AutoTokenizer":
+    def from_pretrained(cls, path: Union[str, Path]) -> "AutoTokenizer":
-        """Load tokenizer from pretrained directory."""
+        """Load tokenizer from pretrained directory.
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: If tokenizer.json is missing.
+            RuntimeError: If tokenizer failed to initialize.
+        """
+        path = Path(path)
+        tokenizer_file = path / "tokenizer.json"
+        if not tokenizer_file.exists():
+            raise FileNotFoundError(
+                f"Tokenizer file not found: {tokenizer_file}. "
+                "A valid tokenizer.json is required."
+            )
         instance = cls(path)
+        if instance._tokenizer is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Failed to load tokenizer from {path}. "
+                "The tokenizer.json may be corrupted or incompatible."
+            )
         return instance
 
     def save_pretrained(self, save_path: str):

astrai/trainer/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from astrai.trainer.optim import Muon
 from astrai.trainer.schedule import BaseScheduler, SchedulerFactory
 from astrai.trainer.strategy import BaseStrategy, StrategyFactory
 from astrai.trainer.train_callback import (
@@ -9,6 +10,8 @@ from astrai.trainer.trainer import Trainer
 __all__ = [
     # Main trainer
     "Trainer",
+    # Optimizer
+    "Muon",
     # Strategy factory
     "StrategyFactory",
     "BaseStrategy",

astrai/trainer/metric_util.py

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ def ctx_get_lr(ctx):
     return ctx.optimizer.param_groups[-1]["lr"]
 
 
+def ctx_get_val_loss(ctx):
+    return ctx.val_loss
+
+
 def ctx_get_grad_norm(ctx):
     return grad_norm(ctx.model)
 

astrai/trainer/optim.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import torch
+from torch.optim import Optimizer
+
+
+def _zeropower_via_newtonschulz(G: torch.Tensor, steps: int = 5):
+    assert G.ndim == 2
+    X = G.bfloat16()
+    scale = max(1, G.size(0) / G.size(1)) ** 0.5
+    X = X / (X.norm() + 1e-7) * scale
+    if steps == 0:
+        return X.type_as(G)
+    a, b, c = (3.4445, -4.7750, 2.0315)
+    for _ in range(steps):
+        A = X @ X.T
+        B = A @ X
+        X = a * X + b * B + c * (A @ B)
+    return X.type_as(G)
+
+
+class Muon(Optimizer):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        params,
+        lr: float = 2e-3,
+        momentum: float = 0.95,
+        weight_decay: float = 0.0,
+        nesterov: bool = True,
+        ns_steps: int = 5,
+        adamw_lr: float = None,
+        adamw_betas: tuple = (0.9, 0.95),
+        adamw_eps: float = 1e-8,
+        adamw_wd: float = 0.0,
+    ):
+        defaults = dict(
+            lr=lr,
+            momentum=momentum,
+            weight_decay=weight_decay,
+            nesterov=nesterov,
+            ns_steps=ns_steps,
+            adamw_lr=adamw_lr if adamw_lr is not None else lr * 0.1,
+            adamw_betas=adamw_betas,
+            adamw_eps=adamw_eps,
+            adamw_wd=adamw_wd,
+        )
+        super().__init__(params, defaults)
+
+    @torch.no_grad()
+    def step(self, closure=None):
+        loss = None
+        if closure is not None:
+            with torch.enable_grad():
+                loss = closure()
+        for group in self.param_groups:
+            for p in group["params"]:
+                if p.grad is None:
+                    continue
+                grad = p.grad
+                if grad.is_sparse:
+                    raise RuntimeError("Muon does not support sparse gradients")
+                if p.ndim >= 2:
+                    self._muon_update(p, grad, group)
+                else:
+                    self._adamw_update(p, grad, group)
+        return loss
+
+    def _muon_update(self, p, grad, group):
+        lr = group["lr"]
+        momentum = group["momentum"]
+        wd = group["weight_decay"]
+        nesterov = group["nesterov"]
+        ns_steps = group["ns_steps"]
+        state = self.state[p]
+
+        p.mul_(1 - lr * wd)
+
+        if nesterov:
+            grad = grad.add(p, alpha=wd)
+
+        if "momentum_buffer" not in state:
+            state["momentum_buffer"] = torch.zeros_like(grad)
+        buf = state["momentum_buffer"]
+        buf.lerp_(grad, 1 - momentum)
+
+        update = _zeropower_via_newtonschulz(buf, steps=ns_steps)
+        scale = max(1, p.size(0) / p.size(1)) ** 0.5
+        p.add_(update, alpha=-lr * scale)
+
+    def _adamw_update(self, p, grad, group):
+        lr = group["adamw_lr"]
+        betas = group["adamw_betas"]
+        eps = group["adamw_eps"]
+        wd = group["adamw_wd"]
+        state = self.state[p]
+
+        if not state:
+            state["step"] = 0
+            state["exp_avg"] = torch.zeros_like(p)
+            state["exp_avg_sq"] = torch.zeros_like(p)
+
+        state["step"] += 1
+        exp_avg, exp_avg_sq = state["exp_avg"], state["exp_avg_sq"]
+        beta1, beta2 = betas
+
+        exp_avg.lerp_(grad, 1 - beta1)
+        exp_avg_sq.lerp_(grad.square(), 1 - beta2)
+
+        step = state["step"]
+        bias1 = 1 - beta1**step
+        bias2 = 1 - beta2**step
+
+        p.mul_(1 - lr * wd)
+        denom = exp_avg_sq.sqrt().div_(bias2**0.5).add_(eps)
+        p.addcdiv_(exp_avg / bias1, denom, value=-lr)

astrai/trainer/train_callback.py

@@ -1,15 +1,21 @@
 import json
+import logging
 import os
+import sys
 import time
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Protocol, runtime_checkable
+from typing import IO, Callable, List, Optional, Protocol, runtime_checkable
 
+import torch
+import torch.distributed as dist
 import torch.nn as nn
 from torch.nn.utils import clip_grad_norm_
+from torch.utils.checkpoint import checkpoint as torch_checkpoint
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
 from astrai.factory import BaseFactory
 from astrai.parallel import only_on_rank
+from astrai.parallel.setup import get_current_device
 from astrai.serialization import Checkpoint
 from astrai.trainer.metric_util import (
     ctx_get_grad_max,
@@ -20,9 +26,12 @@ from astrai.trainer.metric_util import (
     ctx_get_grad_std,
     ctx_get_loss,
     ctx_get_lr,
+    ctx_get_val_loss,
 )
 from astrai.trainer.train_context import TrainContext
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 @runtime_checkable
 class TrainCallback(Protocol):
@@ -83,6 +92,41 @@ class GradientClippingCallback(TrainCallback):
         clip_grad_norm_(context.model.parameters(), self.max_grad_norm)
 
 
+@CallbackFactory.register("gradient_checkpointing")
+class GradientCheckpointingCallback(TrainCallback):
+    """
+    Activation checkpointing callback — trades compute for memory
+    by recomputing specified module activations during the backward pass.
+
+    Args:
+        modules: Module types to apply checkpointing to.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, modules: Optional[List[type]] = None):
+        self.modules = tuple(modules) if modules else ()
+
+    def _enable(self, module: nn.Module):
+        if self.modules and isinstance(module, self.modules):
+            fn = module.forward
+            module._original_forward = fn
+            module.forward = lambda *a, **kw: torch_checkpoint(
+                fn, *a, use_reentrant=False, **kw
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _disable(module: nn.Module):
+        if hasattr(module, "_original_forward"):
+            module.forward = module._original_forward
+            del module._original_forward
+
+    def on_train_begin(self, context: TrainContext):
+        context.model.apply(self._enable)
+        logger.info("Gradient checkpointing enabled")
+
+    def on_train_end(self, context: TrainContext):
+        context.model.apply(self._disable)
+
+
 @CallbackFactory.register("checkpoint")
 class CheckpointCallback(TrainCallback):
     """
@@ -168,8 +212,12 @@ class ProgressBarCallback(TrainCallback):
     Progress bar callback for trainer.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, num_epoch: int):
+    def __init__(
+        self, num_epoch: int, log_interval: int = 100, file: IO[str] = sys.stdout
+    ):
         self.num_epoch = num_epoch
+        self.log_interval = log_interval
+        self.file = file
         self.progress_bar: tqdm = None
 
     @only_on_rank(0)
@@ -178,16 +226,18 @@ class ProgressBarCallback(TrainCallback):
             context.dataloader,
             desc=f"Epoch {context.epoch + 1}/{self.num_epoch}",
             dynamic_ncols=True,
+            file=self.file,
         )
 
     @only_on_rank(0)
     def on_batch_end(self, context: TrainContext):
-        self.progress_bar.set_postfix(
+        postfix = {
-            {
             "loss": f"{context.loss:.4f}",
             "lr": f"{context.optimizer.param_groups[-1]['lr']:.2e}",
         }
-        )
+        if context.val_loss > 0:
+            postfix["val_loss"] = f"{context.val_loss:.4f}"
+        self.progress_bar.set_postfix(postfix)
         self.progress_bar.update(1)
 
     @only_on_rank(0)
@@ -219,6 +269,7 @@ class MetricLoggerCallback(TrainCallback):
         self._metric_funcs = {
             "loss": ctx_get_loss,
             "lr": ctx_get_lr,
+            "val_loss": ctx_get_val_loss,
             "grad_norm": ctx_get_grad_norm,
             "grad_std": ctx_get_grad_std,
             "grad_max": ctx_get_grad_max,
@@ -229,7 +280,7 @@ class MetricLoggerCallback(TrainCallback):
 
     def _get_log_data(self, context: TrainContext):
         return {
-            "timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
+            "timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"),
             "epoch": context.epoch,
             "iter": context.iteration,
             **{m: self._metric_funcs[m](context) for m in self.metrics},
@@ -262,3 +313,43 @@ class MetricLoggerCallback(TrainCallback):
 
     def on_error(self, context):
         self._save_log(context.epoch, context.iteration)
+
+
+@CallbackFactory.register("validation")
+class ValidationCallback(TrainCallback):
+    def _run_validation(self, context: TrainContext):
+        context.model.eval()
+
+        total_loss = 0.0
+        num_batches = 0
+
+        with torch.no_grad():
+            for batch in context.val_dataloader:
+                loss = context.strategy(batch)
+                total_loss += loss.item()
+                num_batches += 1
+
+        avg_loss = total_loss / max(num_batches, 1)
+
+        if context.world_size > 1 and dist.is_initialized():
+            loss_tensor = torch.tensor([avg_loss], device=get_current_device())
+            dist.all_reduce(loss_tensor, op=dist.ReduceOp.AVG)
+            avg_loss = loss_tensor.item()
+
+        context.val_loss = avg_loss
+        context.model.train()
+
+        step_count = context.iteration // context.config.grad_accum_steps
+        logger.info(
+            f"Epoch {context.epoch + 1}, Step {step_count}, Val Loss: {avg_loss:.4f}"
+        )
+
+    def on_step_end(self, context: TrainContext):
+        if context.val_dataloader is None:
+            return
+        cfg = context.config
+        if cfg.val_step <= 0:
+            return
+        step_count = context.iteration // cfg.grad_accum_steps
+        if step_count % cfg.val_step == 0:
+            self._run_validation(context)

astrai/trainer/train_context.py

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ class TrainContext:
     epoch: int = field(default=0)
     iteration: int = field(default=0)
     loss: float = field(default=0.0)
+    val_dataloader: DataLoader = field(default=None)
+    val_loss: float = field(default=0.0)
 
     world_size: int = field(default=1)
     rank: int = field(default=0)
@@ -88,6 +90,23 @@ class TrainContextBuilder:
             prefetch_factor=cfg.prefetch_factor,
         )
 
+        if cfg.val_dataset is not None:
+            val_sampler = ResumableDistributedSampler(
+                data_source=cfg.val_dataset,
+                start_epoch=0,
+                start_iter=0,
+                seed=cfg.random_seed,
+                shuffle=False,
+            )
+            context.val_dataloader = DataLoader(
+                cfg.val_dataset,
+                batch_size=cfg.batch_per_device,
+                sampler=val_sampler,
+                num_workers=cfg.num_workers,
+                pin_memory=cfg.pin_memory,
+                prefetch_factor=cfg.prefetch_factor,
+            )
+
         context.strategy = StrategyFactory.create(
             model=context.model,
             train_type=self.config.strategy,

astrai/trainer/trainer.py

@@ -25,17 +25,29 @@ class Trainer:
 
     def _get_default_callbacks(self) -> List[TrainCallback]:
         cfg = self.train_config
-        return [
+        callbacks = [
+            CallbackFactory.create(
+                "gradient_checkpointing",
+                modules=cfg.gradient_checkpointing_modules,
+            ),
             CallbackFactory.create(
                 "checkpoint",
                 cfg.ckpt_dir,
                 cfg.ckpt_interval,
                 state_dict_fn=cfg.state_dict_fn,
             ),
+            CallbackFactory.create(
+                "metric_logger",
+                log_dir=cfg.log_dir,
+                save_interval=cfg.ckpt_interval,
+                log_interval=cfg.log_interval,
+                metrics=cfg.metrics,
+            ),
             CallbackFactory.create("progress_bar", cfg.n_epoch),
-            CallbackFactory.create("metric_logger", cfg.ckpt_dir, cfg.ckpt_interval),
             CallbackFactory.create("gradient_clipping", cfg.max_grad_norm),
+            CallbackFactory.create("validation"),
         ]
+        return callbacks
 
     def _call_callbacks(self, method_name: str, context: TrainContext):
         for callback in self.callbacks:
@@ -43,19 +55,7 @@ class Trainer:
             if method:
                 method(context)
 
-    def train(self, checkpoint: Optional[Checkpoint] = None):
+    def _trainer_loop(self, checkpoint: Optional[Checkpoint] = None):
-        cfg = self.train_config
-        spawn_parallel_fn(
-            self._train_impl,
-            backend=cfg.backend,
-            world_size=cfg.nprocs,
-            master_addr=cfg.master_addr,
-            master_port=cfg.master_port,
-            device_type=cfg.device_type,
-            checkpoint=checkpoint,
-        )
-
-    def _train_impl(self, checkpoint: Optional[Checkpoint] = None):
         cfg = self.train_config
         context = TrainContextBuilder(cfg).with_checkpoint(checkpoint).build()
         self._call_callbacks("on_train_begin", context)
@@ -94,3 +94,16 @@ class Trainer:
             raise
         finally:
             self._call_callbacks("on_train_end", context)
+
+    def train(self, checkpoint: Optional[Checkpoint] = None):
+        cfg = self.train_config
+        spawn_parallel_fn(
+            self._trainer_loop,
+            backend=cfg.backend,
+            world_size=cfg.nprocs,
+            master_addr=cfg.master_addr,
+            master_port=cfg.master_port,
+            device_type=cfg.device_type,
+            start_method=cfg.start_method,
+            checkpoint=checkpoint,
+        )

docker-compose.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 services:
   server:
-    build: .
+    build:
-    image: astrai:latest
+      context: .
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    user: "${UID:-1000}:${GID:-1000}"
     ports:
       - "8000:8000"
     volumes:
       - ./params:/app/params:ro
-      - ./checkpoints:/app/checkpoints
     command: python -m scripts.tools.server --port 8000 --device cuda
     deploy:
       resources:
@@ -25,13 +26,14 @@ services:
 
   server-cpu:
     profiles: [cpu]
-    build: .
+    build:
-    image: astrai:latest
+      context: .
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    user: "${UID:-1000}:${GID:-1000}"
     ports:
       - "8000:8000"
     volumes:
       - ./params:/app/params:ro
-      - ./checkpoints:/app/checkpoints
     command: python -m scripts.tools.server --port 8000 --device cpu
     healthcheck:
       test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8000/health"]

scripts/docker.sh

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ NC='\033[0m' # No Color
 IMAGE_NAME="astrai"
 IMAGE_TAG="latest"
 REGISTRY=""
+CONTAINER_ID=""
 
 # Print colored messages
 print_info() {
@@ -175,6 +176,10 @@ main() {
                 PORT="$2"
                 shift 2
                 ;;
+            --container)
+                CONTAINER_ID="$2"
+                shift 2
+                ;;
             --gpu)
                 GPU=true
                 shift
@@ -197,6 +202,7 @@ main() {
                 echo "  --dockerfile FILE  Dockerfile path (default: Dockerfile)"
                 echo "  --context PATH     Build context (default: .)"
                 echo "  --port PORT        Port for run (default: 8000)"
+                echo "  --container ID     Container ID for logs"
                 echo "  --gpu              Enable GPU support"
                 echo "  --help             Show this help message"
                 echo ""
@@ -205,6 +211,7 @@ main() {
                 echo "  $0 build --tag v1.0.0"
                 echo "  $0 run --port 8080"
                 echo "  $0 run --gpu"
+                echo "  $0 logs --container abc123"
                 echo "  $0 push --registry ghcr.io/username"
                 exit 0
                 ;;
@@ -237,7 +244,7 @@ main() {
             show_info
             ;;
         logs)
-            show_logs "$2"
+            show_logs "$CONTAINER_ID"
             ;;
         "")
             print_error "No command specified. Use --help for usage"

scripts/tools/benchmark.py

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-"""Benchmark Transformer with KVCache"""
+"""Benchmark AutoRegressiveLM with KVCache"""
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
 import torch
 
-from astrai.config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config import AutoRegressiveLMConfig
 from astrai.inference import KVCache
-from astrai.model.transformer import Transformer
+from astrai.model.transformer import AutoRegressiveLM
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class BenchmarkResult:
 class GenerationBenchmark:
     def __init__(
         self,
-        config: ModelConfig,
+        config: AutoRegressiveLMConfig,
         device: str = "cuda",
         dtype: torch.dtype = torch.bfloat16,
         page_size: int = 128,
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class GenerationBenchmark:
         self.config = config
         self.device = device
         self.dtype = dtype
-        self.model = Transformer(config).to(device=device, dtype=dtype)
+        self.model = AutoRegressiveLM(config).to(device=device, dtype=dtype)
         self.model.eval()
         head_dim = config.dim // config.n_heads
         n_pages = (config.max_len * 4 + page_size - 1) // page_size
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ def print_benchmark_result(result: BenchmarkResult):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    config = ModelConfig(
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig(
         vocab_size=10000,
         dim=1536,
         n_heads=24,
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     benchmark = GenerationBenchmark(config)
 
     print("=" * 80)
-    print("Running Transformer Generation Benchmark (KVCache)")
+    print("Running AutoRegressiveLM Generation Benchmark (KVCache)")
     print("=" * 80)
 
     prefill_result = benchmark.run_prefill_benchmark(

scripts/tools/train.py

@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ import torch.nn as nn
 import torch.optim as optim
 from torch.nn.parallel import DistributedDataParallel as DDP
 
-from astrai.config import ModelConfig, TrainConfig
+from astrai.config import AutoRegressiveLMConfig, TrainConfig
 from astrai.dataset import DatasetFactory
-from astrai.model import Transformer
+from astrai.model import AutoRegressiveLM
 from astrai.parallel import get_rank
 from astrai.trainer import SchedulerFactory, Trainer
 
 
 def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
 
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Train the Transformer model.")
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Train the AutoRegressiveLM model.")
 
     parser.add_argument(
         "--train_type",
@@ -69,14 +69,14 @@ def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
     parser.add_argument(
         "--adamw_beta1",
         type=float,
-        default=0.95,
+        default=0.9,
-        help="Beta values for AdamW optimizer.",
+        help="Beta1 for AdamW optimizer.",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--adamw_beta2",
         type=float,
-        default=0.99,
+        default=0.95,
-        help="Beta values for AdamW optimizer.",
+        help="Beta2 for AdamW optimizer.",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--adamw_weight_decay",
@@ -149,6 +149,13 @@ def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
     parser.add_argument(
         "--device_type", type=str, default="cuda", help="Device type to use."
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--start_method",
+        type=str,
+        default="spawn",
+        choices=["spawn", "fork", "forkserver"],
+        help="Multiprocessing start method.",
+    )
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
@@ -232,19 +239,20 @@ def train(
     stride: int,
     nprocs: int,
     device_type: str,
+    start_method: str,
 ):
     assert train_type in ["seq", "sft", "dpo", "grpo"]
     assert os.path.exists(param_path)
 
     # Load config
     config_path = os.path.join(param_path, "config.json")
-    config = ModelConfig.from_file(config_path)
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig.from_file(config_path)
 
     if window_size is None:
         window_size = config.max_len
 
-    # Create bare Transformer (for training, no tokenizer needed)
+    # Create bare AutoRegressiveLM (for training, no tokenizer needed)
-    model = Transformer(config)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(config)
 
     # Load weights if available
     weights_path = os.path.join(param_path, "model.safetensors")
@@ -314,6 +322,7 @@ def train(
         parallel_wrapper=ddp_wrap,
         state_dict_fn=prepare_checkpoint,
         device_type=device_type,
+        start_method=start_method,
         extra_kwargs=strategy_kwargs,
     )
 

tests/conftest.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import torch
 from tokenizers import Tokenizer, models, pre_tokenizers, trainers
 from torch.utils.data import Dataset
 
-from astrai.config.model_config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config.model_config import AutoRegressiveLMConfig
-from astrai.model.transformer import Transformer
+from astrai.model.transformer import AutoRegressiveLM
 from astrai.tokenize import AutoTokenizer
 
 
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ def test_tokenizer():
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def test_model():
-    """Session-scoped small Transformer model, created once."""
+    """Session-scoped small AutoRegressiveLM model, created once."""
-    config = ModelConfig(
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig(
         vocab_size=1000,
         dim=8,
         n_heads=2,
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def test_model():
         norm_eps=1e-5,
     )
     device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
-    model = Transformer(config).to(device=device)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(config).to(device=device)
 
     return {
         "model": model,

tests/inference/test_server.py

@@ -157,5 +157,60 @@ def test_messages_with_system(client, loaded_model):
     assert data["type"] == "message"
 
 
+def test_chat_completions_stop_sequence(client, loaded_model):
+    """POST /v1/chat/completions with stop parameter truncates at stop sequence."""
+
+    async def async_gen():
+        yield "Hello"
+        yield "X"
+        yield "world"
+
+    app.state.engine = loaded_model
+    loaded_model.generate_async.return_value = async_gen()
+    response = client.post(
+        "/v1/chat/completions",
+        json={
+            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}],
+            "max_tokens": 100,
+            "stream": False,
+            "stop": ["X"],
+        },
+    )
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    content = data["choices"][0]["message"]["content"]
+    assert "X" in content
+    assert "world" not in content
+
+
+def test_chat_completions_stop_sequence_stream(client, loaded_model):
+    """POST /v1/chat/completions with stop parameter truncates SSE stream."""
+
+    async def async_gen():
+        yield "Hello"
+        yield "X"
+        yield "world"
+
+    app.state.engine = loaded_model
+    loaded_model.generate_async.return_value = async_gen()
+    response = client.post(
+        "/v1/chat/completions",
+        json={
+            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}],
+            "max_tokens": 100,
+            "stream": True,
+            "stop": ["X"],
+        },
+        headers={"Accept": "text/event-stream"},
+    )
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    content = response.content.decode("utf-8")
+    assert "Hello" in content
+    assert "world" not in content
+    assert any(
+        "finish_reason" in line for line in content.split("\n") if "stop" in line
+    )
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     pytest.main([__file__, "-v"])

tests/module/test_encoder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+import torch
+
+from astrai.config.model_config import EncoderConfig
+from astrai.model.encoder import EmbeddingEncoder
+
+TINY_CONFIG = dict(
+    vocab_size=128,
+    dim=8,
+    n_heads=2,
+    n_kv_heads=1,
+    dim_ffn=16,
+    max_len=64,
+    n_layers=2,
+    norm_eps=1e-5,
+)
+
+
+def test_encoder_forward_mean():
+    config = EncoderConfig(**TINY_CONFIG)
+    device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
+    model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+    model.eval()
+
+    batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8
+    input_ids = torch.randint(
+        0, config.vocab_size, (batch_size, seq_len), device=device
+    )
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        output = model(input_ids)
+
+    assert output.shape == (batch_size, config.dim)
+    assert not torch.isnan(output).any()
+
+
+def test_encoder_forward_cls():
+    config = EncoderConfig(**{**TINY_CONFIG, "pooling_type": "cls"})
+    device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
+    model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+    model.eval()
+
+    batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8
+    input_ids = torch.randint(
+        0, config.vocab_size, (batch_size, seq_len), device=device
+    )
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        output = model(input_ids)
+
+    assert output.shape == (batch_size, config.dim)
+    assert not torch.isnan(output).any()
+
+
+def test_encoder_forward_last():
+    config = EncoderConfig(**{**TINY_CONFIG, "pooling_type": "last"})
+    device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
+    model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+    model.eval()
+
+    batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8
+    input_ids = torch.randint(
+        0, config.vocab_size, (batch_size, seq_len), device=device
+    )
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        output = model(input_ids)
+
+    assert output.shape == (batch_size, config.dim)
+    assert not torch.isnan(output).any()
+
+
+def test_encoder_forward_with_padding():
+    config = EncoderConfig(**TINY_CONFIG)
+    device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
+    model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+    model.eval()
+
+    batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8
+    input_ids = torch.randint(
+        0, config.vocab_size, (batch_size, seq_len), device=device
+    )
+    input_mask = torch.ones(batch_size, seq_len, dtype=torch.bool, device=device)
+    input_mask[:, 4:] = False
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        output = model(input_ids, input_mask=input_mask)
+
+    assert output.shape == (batch_size, config.dim)
+    assert not torch.isnan(output).any()
+
+
+def test_encoder_normalize():
+    config = EncoderConfig(
+        **{**TINY_CONFIG, "pooling_type": "mean", "normalize_embeddings": True}
+    )
+    device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
+    model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+    model.eval()
+
+    batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8
+    input_ids = torch.randint(
+        0, config.vocab_size, (batch_size, seq_len), device=device
+    )
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        output = model(input_ids)
+
+    norms = output.norm(p=2, dim=-1)
+    assert torch.allclose(norms, torch.ones_like(norms), atol=1e-4)
+
+
+def test_encoder_register():
+    from astrai.model.automodel import AutoModel
+
+    assert AutoModel.is_registered("embedding")
+    cls = AutoModel.get_component_class("embedding")
+    assert cls is EmbeddingEncoder
+
+
+def test_encoder_from_transformer_checkpoint():
+    config = EncoderConfig(**TINY_CONFIG)
+    device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
+    model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+
+    state_dict = model.state_dict()
+    state_dict["lm_head.weight"] = torch.randn(
+        config.vocab_size, config.dim, device=device
+    )
+
+    new_model = EmbeddingEncoder(config).to(device=device)
+    new_model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
+
+    for key in model.state_dict():
+        assert torch.equal(new_model.state_dict()[key], model.state_dict()[key])
+
+
+def test_encoder_save_load():
+    import json
+    import os
+    import tempfile
+
+    import safetensors.torch as st
+
+    test_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="encoder_test_")
+    config_path = os.path.join(test_dir, "config.json")
+    weights_path = os.path.join(test_dir, "model.safetensors")
+
+    try:
+        config_data = {**TINY_CONFIG, "pooling_type": "mean"}
+        with open(config_path, "w") as f:
+            json.dump(config_data, f)
+
+        config = EncoderConfig.from_file(config_path)
+        original = EmbeddingEncoder(config)
+        st.save_file(original.state_dict(), weights_path)
+
+        loaded = EmbeddingEncoder(config)
+        loaded.load_state_dict(st.load_file(weights_path))
+
+        for key in original.state_dict():
+            assert torch.equal(original.state_dict()[key], loaded.state_dict()[key])
+    finally:
+        if os.path.exists(test_dir):
+            for f in os.listdir(test_dir):
+                os.remove(os.path.join(test_dir, f))
+            os.rmdir(test_dir)

tests/module/test_forward_configs.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 import torch
 
-from astrai.config.model_config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config.model_config import AutoRegressiveLMConfig
-from astrai.model.transformer import Transformer
+from astrai.model.transformer import AutoRegressiveLM
 
 TINY_CONFIG = dict(
     vocab_size=128,
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ CONFIGS = [
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("config_kwargs", CONFIGS)
 def test_model_forward(config_kwargs):
-    config = ModelConfig(**config_kwargs)
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig(**config_kwargs)
     device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
-    model = Transformer(config).to(device=device)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(config).to(device=device)
     model.eval()
 
     batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ def test_model_forward(config_kwargs):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("config_kwargs", CONFIGS)
 def test_model_forward_with_padding(config_kwargs):
-    config = ModelConfig(**config_kwargs)
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig(**config_kwargs)
     device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
-    model = Transformer(config).to(device=device)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(config).to(device=device)
     model.eval()
 
     batch_size, seq_len = 2, 8

tests/module/test_tie_weight.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import pytest
 import safetensors.torch as st
 import torch
 
-from astrai.config.model_config import ModelConfig
+from astrai.config.model_config import AutoRegressiveLMConfig
-from astrai.model.transformer import Transformer
+from astrai.model.transformer import AutoRegressiveLM
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ def test_tie_weight_init(transformer_test_env):
     with open(config_path, "w") as f:
         json.dump(config_data, f)
 
-    config = ModelConfig.from_file(config_path)
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig.from_file(config_path)
-    model = Transformer(config)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(config)
 
     assert torch.equal(model.lm_head.weight, model.embed_tokens.weight)
     assert model.lm_head.weight.data_ptr() == model.embed_tokens.weight.data_ptr()
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ def test_tie_weight_init(transformer_test_env):
     with open(config_path, "w") as f:
         json.dump(config_data, f)
 
-    config = ModelConfig.from_file(config_path)
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig.from_file(config_path)
-    model = Transformer(config)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(config)
 
     assert not torch.equal(model.lm_head.weight, model.embed_tokens.weight)
     assert model.lm_head.weight.data_ptr() != model.embed_tokens.weight.data_ptr()
@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ def test_model_save_load_with_tie_weight(transformer_test_env):
     with open(config_path, "w") as f:
         json.dump(config_data, f)
 
-    config = ModelConfig.from_file(config_path)
+    config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig.from_file(config_path)
-    original_model = Transformer(config)
+    original_model = AutoRegressiveLM(config)
 
     st.save_file(original_model.state_dict(), model_path)
 
-    loaded_config = ModelConfig.from_file(config_path)
+    loaded_config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig.from_file(config_path)
-    model = Transformer(loaded_config)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(loaded_config)
     model.load_state_dict(st.load_file(model_path))
 
     assert torch.equal(model.lm_head.weight, model.embed_tokens.weight)
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ def test_model_save_load_with_tie_weight(transformer_test_env):
     with open(config_path, "w") as f:
         json.dump(config_data, f)
 
-    loaded_config = ModelConfig.from_file(config_path)
+    loaded_config = AutoRegressiveLMConfig.from_file(config_path)
-    model = Transformer(loaded_config)
+    model = AutoRegressiveLM(loaded_config)
     model.load_state_dict(st.load_file(model_path))
 
     assert torch.equal(model.lm_head.weight, model.embed_tokens.weight)

tests/trainer/test_callbacks.py

@@ -1,11 +1,130 @@
 import torch
 
 from astrai.config.train_config import TrainConfig
+from astrai.model.components.decoder_block import DecoderBlock
 from astrai.trainer.schedule import SchedulerFactory
-from astrai.trainer.train_callback import TrainCallback
+from astrai.trainer.train_callback import GradientCheckpointingCallback, TrainCallback
 from astrai.trainer.trainer import Trainer
 
 
+def test_gradient_checkpointing_enable_disable(test_model):
+    """Enable wraps forward, _disable restores it."""
+    model = test_model["model"]
+    callback = GradientCheckpointingCallback(modules=[DecoderBlock])
+
+    originals = [layer.forward for layer in model.layers]
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        callback._enable(layer)
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        assert hasattr(layer, "_original_forward")
+        assert layer.forward is not originals[0]
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        callback._disable(layer)
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        assert not hasattr(layer, "_original_forward")
+
+
+def test_gradient_checkpointing_empty_modules_noop(test_model):
+    """modules=None should leave forwards untouched."""
+    model = test_model["model"]
+    callback = GradientCheckpointingCallback()
+
+    originals = [layer.forward for layer in model.layers]
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        callback._enable(layer)
+
+    for layer, orig in zip(model.layers, originals):
+        assert layer.forward is orig
+
+
+def test_gradient_checkpointing_forward_unchanged(test_model):
+    """Forward output unchanged after patching (no_grad)."""
+    model = test_model["model"]
+    device = test_model["device"]
+    callback = GradientCheckpointingCallback(modules=[DecoderBlock])
+
+    input_ids = torch.randint(0, 1000, (2, 32)).to(device)
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        ref = model(input_ids)["logits"].clone()
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        callback._enable(layer)
+
+    with torch.no_grad():
+        out = model(input_ids)["logits"]
+
+    assert torch.equal(ref, out)
+
+
+def test_gradient_checkpointing_backward(test_model):
+    """backward passes gradients through checkpointed layers."""
+    model = test_model["model"]
+    device = test_model["device"]
+    callback = GradientCheckpointingCallback(modules=[DecoderBlock])
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        callback._enable(layer)
+
+    input_ids = torch.randint(0, 1000, (2, 32)).to(device)
+    target_ids = torch.randint(0, 1000, (2, 32)).to(device)
+
+    logits = model(input_ids)["logits"]
+    loss = torch.nn.functional.cross_entropy(
+        logits.flatten(0, 1).float(), target_ids.flatten()
+    )
+    loss.backward()
+
+    for name, param in model.named_parameters():
+        if param.requires_grad:
+            assert param.grad is not None, f"{name} gradient is None"
+
+    for layer in model.layers:
+        callback._disable(layer)
+
+    model.zero_grad()
+    for name, p in model.named_parameters():
+        assert p.grad is None or p.grad.sum().item() == 0, f"{name} grad not zeroed"
+
+
+def test_gradient_checkpointing_trainer_integration(base_test_env, random_dataset):
+    """Gradient checkpointing runs end-to-end via Trainer."""
+
+    def optimizer_fn(model):
+        return torch.optim.AdamW(model.parameters())
+
+    def scheduler_fn(optim):
+        return SchedulerFactory.create(
+            optim, "cosine", warmup_steps=10, lr_decay_steps=10, min_rate=0.05
+        )
+
+    train_config = TrainConfig(
+        model=base_test_env["model"],
+        strategy="seq",
+        dataset=random_dataset,
+        optimizer_fn=optimizer_fn,
+        scheduler_fn=scheduler_fn,
+        ckpt_dir=base_test_env["test_dir"],
+        n_epoch=1,
+        batch_per_device=2,
+        ckpt_interval=3,
+        grad_accum_steps=1,
+        max_grad_norm=1.0,
+        random_seed=42,
+        device_type=base_test_env["device"],
+        gradient_checkpointing_modules=[DecoderBlock],
+    )
+
+    trainer = Trainer(train_config)
+    trainer.train()
+    # no crash = callback correctly enabled/disabled
+
+
 def test_callback_integration(base_test_env, random_dataset):
     """Test that all callbacks are properly integrated"""