docs: restructure to docs/, add guides and developer docs

- Rename assets/ to docs/, split into guides/ and developer/
- Add get-started.md: installation + 5-step quickstart
- Add guides/evaluation.md: 7 eval scripts with CLI args
- Add guides/distributed.md: DDP/FSDP, gradient accumulation, NCCL
- Add developer/internals.md: loss formulas, RoPE, KV cache math
- Add developer/cuda_kernels.md: build system, benchmarks, file layout
- Fix storage_format doc in preprocessing.md
- Update cross-references in README.md, README-zh-CN.md, Dockerfile
This commit is contained in:
2026-07-30 00:49:04 +08:00
parent bcaa2d1ae0
commit c8b1e40f71
17 changed files with 1124 additions and 25 deletions
+252
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
# Inference
## Contents
- [KV Cache](#kv-cache)
- [KVCache System](#kvcache-system)
- [Continuous Batching](#continuous-batching)
- [Sampling](#sampling-strategy-pattern)
- [Protocol Handlers](#protocol-handlers-strategy-pattern)
- [Engine & GenerateResult](#engine--generateresult)
- [HTTP API](#http-api) — endpoints, SSE, errors, stats
- [Engine API](#engine-api)
## KV Cache
At decode time, only the last query token matters. All previous K/V are cached to avoid recomputation:
$$
o_n = \sum_j \text{softmax}\left(\frac{q_n k_j}{\sqrt{d_k}}\right) v_j
$$
RoPE is applied **before** KV cache write, not after — otherwise position encoding drift occurs.
## KVCache System
Seven classes working together, with two concrete cache implementations:
### ContiguousCache (default)
```
ContiguousCache (simple contiguous per-slot cache)
├── ContiguousCacheView bundles k/v tensors + slot indices for attention layers
```
Created by default when no cache is passed to `InferenceScheduler`. Each task occupies a fixed slot of `[max_seq_len, num_key_value_heads, head_dim]`. Simple and efficient for small-to-medium batch sizes.
### PageCache (paged with prefix sharing)
```
PageCache (paged KV cache with prefix sharing, alternative)
├── PagePool orchestrates page allocation + prefix matching
│ ├── Allocator bitmask-based page allocator + ref-count + LRU
│ └── PrefixCache hash-based prefix matching (page_hash via polynomial hash)
├── TaskTable maps task_id → page_table + cached token count
├── Storage k_cache / v_cache tensors (num_hidden_layers × n_pages × page_size × num_key_value_heads × head_dim)
└── PageCacheView bundles Storage + page_table + total_len for attention layers
```
`isinstance(cache, KVCache)` checks dispatch to the correct view. Both implement the abstract `KVCache` interface used by `Executor` and `InferenceScheduler`.
## Continuous Batching
`InferenceScheduler` runs a daemon thread with a 4-phase loop:
```
1. Cleanup → Remove finished tasks, free KV cache slots/pages
2. Refill → Pop from waiting_queue, task_alloc resources, activate
3. Prefill → Group by (prompt_len, start_pos), run full forward
4. Decode → Run single-token forward for each same-position group
```
## Sampling (Strategy Pattern)
```
BaseSamplingStrategy (ABC)
├── TemperatureStrategy
├── TopKStrategy
├── TopPStrategy
└── SamplingPipeline
```
`SamplingPipeline` composes them: Temperature → Top-K → Top-P → softmax → multinomial.
`sample()` is a convenience shortcut for one-shot usage.
## Protocol Handlers (Strategy Pattern)
```python
class ProtocolHandler: # concrete orchestrator
def __init__(self, request, engine, builder): ...
async def handle(self):
prompt, ctx, stops = builder.prepare(request, engine)
agen = engine.generate_async(prompt, ...)
if stream: self._handle_stream(agen, ctx, stops)
else: return await self._handle_non_stream(agen, ctx, stops)
```
`ResponseBuilder` (ABC): `prepare()`, `format_stream_start()`, `format_chunk()`, `format_stream_end()`, `format_response()`.
`OpenAIResponseBuilder``/v1/chat/completions`, `AnthropicResponseBuilder``/v1/messages`.
Adding a protocol = one builder file, no handler subclassing needed.
## Engine & GenerateResult
```
InferenceEngine
├── generate(prompt, stream, ...) → str | List[str] | Generator
├── generate_with_request(req) → same
├── generate_async(prompt, ...) → AsyncGenerator
├── get_stats() → Dict
└── shutdown()
```
`GenerateResult` uses `Condition` for non-streaming (`wait_completion()`) and `Event` for streaming (`wait()`). Stream callback is `cb(token)`.
## HTTP API
```
POST /v1/chat/completions OpenAI
POST /v1/messages Anthropic
GET /health {"status":"ok","model_loaded":true}
GET /stats scheduler statistics
```
### OpenAI
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/v1/chat/completions \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"Hello"}],"max_tokens":512}'
```
Response:
```json
{
"id": "chatcmpl-abc123",
"object": "chat.completion",
"created": 1717000000,
"model": "astrai",
"choices": [{"index": 0, "message": {"role": "assistant", "content": "Hello!"}, "finish_reason": "stop"}],
"usage": {"prompt_tokens": 5, "completion_tokens": 10, "total_tokens": 15}
}
```
Streaming SSE: `object: "chat.completion.chunk"` — starts with role delta, then token chunks, ends with finish chunk + usage stats, then `data: [DONE]`.
### Anthropic
```bash
curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/v1/messages \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"model":"astrai","system":"You are helpful.","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"Hello"}],"max_tokens":512}'
```
Supports `stop_sequences` and streaming via `event: content_block_delta`.
### GenerationRequest Parameters
| Param | Type | Default | Description |
|-------|------|---------|-------------|
| `messages` | List[dict] | required | Chat messages (role, content) |
| `top_k` | int | 50 | Top-k count |
| `top_p` | float | 1.0 | Nucleus threshold |
| `temperature` | float | 1.0 | Sampling temperature (> 0.0) |
| `max_tokens` | Optional[int] | None | Max generation length |
| `stream` | bool | False | Stream output |
### SSE Streaming Format
**OpenAI** (`/v1/chat/completions`, `stream=true`):
```
data: {"id":"chatcmpl-...","object":"chat.completion.chunk","created":...,"model":"astrai",
"choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"role":"assistant"},"finish_reason":null}]}
data: {"id":"chatcmpl-...","object":"chat.completion.chunk","created":0,"model":"astrai",
"choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"content":"Hello"},"finish_reason":null}]}
data: {"id":"chatcmpl-...","object":"chat.completion.chunk","created":...,"model":"astrai",
"choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{},"finish_reason":"stop"}]}
data: {"prompt_tokens":5,"completion_tokens":1,"total_tokens":6}
data: [DONE]
```
**Anthropic** (`/v1/messages`, `stream=true`):
```
event: message_start
data: {"type":"message_start","message":{"id":"msg_...","model":"astrai","role":"assistant",
"content":[],"usage":{"input_tokens":0}}}
event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":0,"content_block":{"type":"text","text":""}}
event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"Hello"}}
event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":0}
event: message_delta
data: {"type":"message_delta","delta":{"stop_reason":"end_turn","stop_sequence":null},"usage":{...}}
event: message_stop
data: {"type":"message_stop"}
```
### Error Responses
The server returns standard HTTP status codes. Pydantic validation errors (e.g. missing required fields)
are handled automatically by FastAPI with 422 status. The only application-level error is engine initialization:
| Status | Meaning |
|--------|---------|
| 200 | Success |
| 422 | Unprocessable entity (Pydantic validation) |
| 503 | Service unavailable (model not loaded, engine not ready) |
Error response body (503):
```json
{
"detail": "Engine not initialized"
}
```
### Stats Endpoint
```
GET /stats
```
Response:
```json
{
"total_tasks": 128,
"total_tokens": 10240,
"active_tasks": 3,
"waiting_queue": 2
}
```
## Engine API
```python
# Non-streaming
engine.generate("Hello", stream=False) # -> str
engine.generate(["A", "B"], stream=False) # -> List[str]
# Streaming
engine.generate("Hello", stream=True) # -> Generator[str]
engine.generate(["A", "B"], stream=True) # -> Generator[Tuple[int, str]]
# Async
async for token in engine.generate_async("Hello", ...): # -> AsyncGenerator[str]
print(token)
```
> Document Update Time: 2026-07-09