From 88ec63121d230b56b7a2ccfa8309851d004531f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ViperEkura <3081035982@qq.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 15:04:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] feat : GPT-2 residual scaling weight init

- Linear: normal(0, init_std) replaces kaiming_uniform_(a=sqrt(5))
- o_proj / mlp.down: init_std = 0.02 / sqrt(2 * n_layers)
- MoE: expert down scaled by 1/sqrt(1/n_shared + 1/K)
- Embedding: normal(0, 0.02), unchanged
---
 astrai/model/components/attention.py     |  8 ++++++--
 astrai/model/components/decoder_block.py |  1 +
 astrai/model/components/linear.py        |  7 +++++--
 astrai/model/components/mlp.py           | 17 +++++++++++++----
 4 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/astrai/model/components/attention.py b/astrai/model/components/attention.py
index 3cf00a7..3a64b4c 100644
--- a/astrai/model/components/attention.py
+++ b/astrai/model/components/attention.py
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class GQA(nn.Module):
         norm_eps: float,
         use_gated_attention: bool,
         layer_id: int,
+        n_layers: int = 1,
     ):
         super().__init__()
         assert dim % n_heads == 0
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class GQA(nn.Module):
         self.q_proj = Linear(dim, n_heads * self.head_dim)
         self.k_proj = Linear(dim, n_kv_heads * self.head_dim)
         self.v_proj = Linear(dim, n_kv_heads * self.head_dim)
-        self.o_proj = Linear(dim, dim)
+        self.o_proj = Linear(dim, dim, init_std=0.02 / (2 * n_layers) ** 0.5)
 
         if self.use_qk_norm:
             self.q_norm = RMSNorm(self.head_dim, norm_eps)
@@ -121,6 +122,7 @@ class MLA(nn.Module):
         use_qk_norm: bool,
         use_gated_attention: bool,
         layer_id: int,
+        n_layers: int = 1,
     ):
         super().__init__()
         self.dim = dim
@@ -148,7 +150,9 @@ class MLA(nn.Module):
             n_kv_heads * (2 * self.head_dim),
         )
 
-        self.o_proj = Linear(dim, dim, bias=False)
+        self.o_proj = Linear(
+            dim, dim, bias=False, init_std=0.02 / (2 * n_layers) ** 0.5
+        )
 
         if use_gated_attention:
             self.gate = Linear(dim, dim, bias=False)
diff --git a/astrai/model/components/decoder_block.py b/astrai/model/components/decoder_block.py
index d5c71aa..18d71a3 100644
--- a/astrai/model/components/decoder_block.py
+++ b/astrai/model/components/decoder_block.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class DecoderBlock(nn.Module):
     def __init__(self, config, layer_id: int):
         super().__init__()
         cfg = asdict(config)
+        cfg["down_init_std"] = 0.02 / (2 * config.n_layers) ** 0.5
         self.attention = AttnFactory.create(config.attn_type, **cfg, layer_id=layer_id)
         self.input_norm = RMSNorm(config.dim, config.norm_eps)
         self.post_attention_norm = RMSNorm(config.dim, config.norm_eps)
diff --git a/astrai/model/components/linear.py b/astrai/model/components/linear.py
index c90b1a3..f3a9aeb 100644
--- a/astrai/model/components/linear.py
+++ b/astrai/model/components/linear.py
@@ -5,13 +5,16 @@ from torch import Tensor
 
 
 class Linear(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self, in_dim: int, out_dim: int, bias: bool = False):
+    def __init__(
+        self, in_dim: int, out_dim: int, bias: bool = False, init_std: float = 0.02
+    ):
         super().__init__()
         self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.empty((out_dim, in_dim)))
         self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(out_dim)) if bias else None
+        self.init_std = init_std
 
     def reset_parameters(self):
-        nn.init.kaiming_uniform_(self.weight, a=5**0.5)
+        nn.init.normal_(self.weight, mean=0.0, std=self.init_std)
         if self.bias is not None:
             fan_in, _ = nn.init._calculate_fan_in_and_fan_out(self.weight)
             bound = 1 / (fan_in**0.5)
diff --git a/astrai/model/components/mlp.py b/astrai/model/components/mlp.py
index 0270bad..08a42ab 100644
--- a/astrai/model/components/mlp.py
+++ b/astrai/model/components/mlp.py
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ class FFNFactory(BaseFactory[nn.Module]):
 
 @FFNFactory.register("mlp")
 class MLP(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self, dim: int, dim_ffn: int):
+    def __init__(self, dim: int, dim_ffn: int, down_init_std: float = 0.02):
         super().__init__()
         self.up = Linear(dim, dim_ffn)
         self.gate = Linear(dim, dim_ffn)
-        self.down = Linear(dim_ffn, dim)
+        self.down = Linear(dim_ffn, dim, init_std=down_init_std)
 
     def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
         gated = self.up(x) * F.silu(self.gate(x))
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class DeepSeekMoE(nn.Module):
         n_shared_experts: int = 1,
         n_activated_experts: int = 2,
         topk_method: str = "greedy",
+        n_layers: int = 1,
     ):
         super().__init__()
         self.dim = dim
@@ -44,12 +45,20 @@ class DeepSeekMoE(nn.Module):
         self.topk_method = topk_method
 
         self.router = Linear(dim, n_routed_experts, bias=False)
+        moe_scale = 1 / max(n_shared_experts, 1) + 1 / n_activated_experts
+        down_init_std = 0.02 / (2 * n_layers * moe_scale) ** 0.5
 
         self.shared_experts = nn.ModuleList(
-            [MLP(dim, dim_ffn) for _ in range(n_shared_experts)]
+            [
+                MLP(dim, dim_ffn, down_init_std=down_init_std)
+                for _ in range(n_shared_experts)
+            ]
         )
         self.routed_experts = nn.ModuleList(
-            [MLP(dim, dim_ffn) for _ in range(n_routed_experts)]
+            [
+                MLP(dim, dim_ffn, down_init_std=down_init_std)
+                for _ in range(n_routed_experts)
+            ]
         )
 
     def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor: