refactor: migrate config system to Pydantic dataclasses

- Replace hand-rolled BaseConfig (from_dict/to_dict/_coerce/_unwrap_optional) with pydantic.dataclasses
- from_dict now uses cls(**d), to_dict uses dataclasses.asdict + json.dumps filter
- TrainConfig: required fields are now truly required (no default=None), delete manual validate()/__post_init__
- Remove dead required() helper and metadata={'help': ...} annotations
- Fix gradient_checkpointing_modules type from List[str] to List[type]
- Add pydantic>=2.0 as direct dependency in pyproject.toml
- Add numpy-style Parameters docstrings to all config classes
- Enable use_attribute_docstrings in BaseConfig for schema generation
- LoRAConfig also migrated to pydantic dataclass

astrai/config/base.py

@@ -1,92 +1,32 @@
 import json
-from dataclasses import MISSING, dataclass, fields
+from dataclasses import asdict
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Self, Union, get_type_hints
+from typing import Any, Dict, Self, Union
+
+from pydantic import ConfigDict
+from pydantic.dataclasses import dataclass
 
 
-@dataclass
+@dataclass(config=ConfigDict(use_attribute_docstrings=True))
 class BaseConfig:
     def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        d = {}
-        for fld in fields(self):
-            v = getattr(self, fld.name)
-            if isinstance(v, (str, int, float, bool)):
-                d[fld.name] = v
-            elif v is None:
-                d[fld.name] = None
-            elif isinstance(v, (dict, list, tuple)):
-                try:
-                    val = list(v) if isinstance(v, tuple) else v
-                    json.dumps(val)
-                    d[fld.name] = val
-                except (TypeError, ValueError):
-                    pass
-            elif isinstance(v, BaseConfig):
-                d[fld.name] = v.to_dict()
-            elif hasattr(v, "__dataclass_fields__"):
-                sub = {}
-                for f in fields(v):
-                    a = getattr(v, f.name)
-                    sub[f.name] = list(a) if isinstance(a, tuple) else a
-                d[fld.name] = sub
-        return d
+        result = {}
+        for k, v in asdict(self).items():
+            if isinstance(v, tuple):
+                v = list(v)
+            try:
+                json.dumps(v)
+                result[k] = v
+            except (TypeError, ValueError):
+                # Skip non-serializable runtime objects (e.g. model_fn, dataset).
+                # TrainConfig mixes hyperparams with callables/datasets; only the
+                # JSON-serializable subset is written to checkpoint meta.
+                pass
+        return result
 
     @classmethod
     def from_dict(cls, d: Dict[str, Any]) -> Self:
-        hints = get_type_hints(cls)
-        inst = cls.__new__(cls)
-        for fld in fields(cls):
-            if fld.name in d:
-                v = d[fld.name]
-                target = cls._unwrap_optional(hints.get(fld.name))
-                if target is not None:
-                    try:
-                        v = cls._coerce(v, target)
-                    except (TypeError, ValueError):
-                        pass
-                object.__setattr__(inst, fld.name, v)
-            elif fld.default is not MISSING:
-                object.__setattr__(inst, fld.name, fld.default)
-            elif fld.default_factory is not MISSING:
-                object.__setattr__(inst, fld.name, fld.default_factory())
-            else:
-                object.__setattr__(inst, fld.name, None)
-        return inst
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _unwrap_optional(tp) -> Optional[type]:
-        if tp is None:
-            return None
-        origin = getattr(tp, "__origin__", None)
-        if origin is not None:
-            args = getattr(tp, "__args__", ())
-            non_none = [a for a in args if a is not type(None)]
-            return non_none[0] if non_none else None
-        return tp
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _coerce(value: Any, target_type: type) -> Any:
-        if target_type is bool and isinstance(value, bool):
-            return value
-        if (
-            target_type is int
-            and isinstance(value, (int, float))
-            and not isinstance(value, bool)
-        ):
-            return int(value)
-        if (
-            target_type is float
-            and isinstance(value, (int, float))
-            and not isinstance(value, bool)
-        ):
-            return float(value)
-        if target_type is str and isinstance(value, str):
-            return value
-        if isinstance(value, target_type):
-            return value
-        if isinstance(value, dict) and issubclass(target_type, BaseConfig):
-            return target_type.from_dict(value)
-        raise TypeError
+        return cls(**d)
 
     @classmethod
     def from_file(cls, path: Union[str, Path]) -> Self: